Endview plantation plantations virginia6/17/2023 Throughout the eighteenth century, Virginians of all social distinctions continued to live in single-story frame dwellings. Brick, if employed at all, lined cellars or formed chimneys, but most dwellings were framed of wood in their entirety. Most seventeenthcentury Virginians occupied single-story frame dwellings raised on posts set in the sandy Tidewater soil. With high 20 ARRis curvilinear gables and chimneys of the type later executed at Recess, Bacon's Castle clearly evoked the ambitions and pretensions ofits builder. 4 This two-story brick dwelling, with full cellar and garret, had been an extraordinarily ambitious structure in terms of size and materials for the Virginia of the 1660s when it was built. As a boy of eleven he was orphaned andjoined a family ofcousins in Surry County at Bacon's Castle (fig. The precepts were second nature to him.3 Cocke had an early exposure to Virginia's politically resonant architecture. Buildings in this landscape were instruments not simply of fashions, but of ideas their forms, materials, and levels of finish established a liturgy of authority and order. The Chesapeake society into which he was born in 1780 had evolved a nuanced architectural language that expressed and enforced a will to power. 19 John Hartwell Cocke of Bremo was heir not only to a distinguished family lineage of economic and political prowess but also to an understanding of architecture as an agent of social control. In fact, the transformation of the house speaks to a parallel evolution in American culture: the development of a distinctly nineteenth-century character. The symmetrical, three-part composition of the whole may have suggested an affinity with Palladianism, but Cocke's design at Recess aimed for a dramatically different expression - medieval in spirit.2 Cocke intended the reconfigured house to communicate his own evolving notions of propriety, sensibility, and practicality. He repeated this element in each lateral gable. (Author) the lower level of the facade, he opened three lancet arches before the porch, and above these he positioned a Palladian window, substituting a lancet for the typical compass-headed lintel. 1 Cocke rebuilt the two principal chimney stacks, raising them well above the steeply pitched roof, each stack with a row of three separate flues, each square flue set on a diagonal to the chimney base. The alterations he began there in 1834 immured the older frame structure in brick, and surmounted it with three high curvilinear gables (fig. This was the renovation of the house he called "Bremo Recess," which he had raised in 1807 in the hill country above the rich James River low grounds of his plantation in Fluvanna County, Virginia. SHARP Within a decade and a half of completing his substantial Palladian residence at Upper Bremo, John Hartwell Cocke undertook an architectural project for another dwelling of vastly different character. In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:īremo Recess and the Eclipse ofjefferson HENRY K.
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